National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Ethylene Production, Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Manufacturing, Organic Liquids Distribution (Non-Gasoline), and Petroleum Refineries Reconsideration

<RULE> ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY <CFR>40 CFR Part 63</CFR> <DEPDOC>[EPA-HQ-OAR-2022-0787; FRL-9846-02-OAR]</DEPDOC> <RIN>RIN 2060-AV80</RIN> <SUBJECT>National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: Ethylene Production, Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Manufacturing, Organic Liquids Distribution (Non-Gasoline), and Petroleum Refineries Reconsideration</SUBJECT> <HD SOURCE="HED">AGENCY:</HD> Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). <HD SOURCE="HED">ACTION:</HD> Final action; reconsideration of final rule. <SUM> <HD SOURCE="HED">SUMMARY:</HD> On July 6, 2020, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or the Agency) finalized the residual risk and technology review (RTR) conducted for the Ethylene Production source category, which is part of the Generic Maximum Achievable Control Technology Standards National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP); on July 7, 2020, the EPA finalized the RTR conducted for the Organic Liquids Distribution (Non-Gasoline) NESHAP; and on August 12, 2020, the EPA finalized the RTR conducted for the Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Manufacturing NESHAP. Amendments to the Petroleum Refinery Sector NESHAP were most recently finalized on February 4, 2020. Subsequently, the EPA received and granted various petitions for reconsideration on these NESHAP for, among other things, the provisions related to the work practice standards for pressure relief devices (PRDs), emergency flaring, and degassing of floating roof storage vessels. This action finalizes proposed amendments to remove the <E T="03">force majeure</E> exemption for PRDs and emergency flaring, incorporate clarifications for the degassing requirements for floating roof storage vessels, and address other corrections and clarifications. </SUM> <EFFDATE> <HD SOURCE="HED">DATES:</HD> This final action is effective on April 4, 2024. The incorporation by reference of certain material listed in this rule was approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of August 12, 2020. </EFFDATE> <HD SOURCE="HED">ADDRESSES:</HD> The EPA has established a docket for this rulemaking under Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2022-0787. All documents in the docket are listed in <E T="03">https://www.regulations.gov/.</E> Although listed, some information is not publicly available, <E T="03">e.g.,</E> Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. With the exception of such material, publicly available docket materials are available either electronically in <E T="03">https://www.regulations.gov/</E> or in hard copy at the EPA Docket Center, WJC West Building, Room Number 3334, 1301 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room hours of operation are from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Eastern Standard Time (EST), Monday through Friday. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the EPA Docket Center is (202) 566-1742. <FURINF> <HD SOURCE="HED">FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:</HD> For questions about this final action, contact U.S. EPA, Attn: Mr. Michael Cantoni, Sector Policies and Programs Division, Mail Drop: E143-01, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12055, RTP, North Carolina 27711; telephone number: (919) 541-5593; and email address: <E T="03">cantoni.michael@epa.gov.</E> </FURINF> <SUPLINF> <HD SOURCE="HED">SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:</HD> <E T="03">Preamble acronyms and abbreviations.</E> We use multiple acronyms and terms in this preamble. While this list may not be exhaustive, to ease the reading of this preamble and for reference purposes, the EPA defines the following terms and acronyms here: <EXTRACT> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">atm-m3/mol atmospheres per mole per cubic meter</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">ACC American Chemistry Council</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">AFPM American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">AMEL alternative means of emissions limitation</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">API American Petroleum Institute</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CAA Clean Air Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CBI Confidential Business Information</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CDX Central Data Exchange</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CEDRI Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CEMS continuous emission monitoring systems</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CFR Code of Federal Regulations</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CRA Congressional Review Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">EMACT Ethylene Production MACT</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">EPA Environmental Protection Agency</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">GMACT Generic Maximum Achievable Control Technology</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">HAP hazardous air pollutant(s)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">ICR Information Collection Request</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">LEL lower explosive limit</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">MACT maximum achievable control technology</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">MCPU miscellaneous organic chemical manufacturing process unit</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">MON Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Manufacturing NESHAP</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NAICS North American Industry Classification System</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NESHAP national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NHV net heating value</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NOCS notification of compliance status</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NTTAA National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">OLD Organic Liquids Distribution (Non-Gasoline)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">OMB Office of Management and Budget</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">ppm parts per million</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">ppmv parts per million by volume</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">psi pounds per square inch</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">PRA Paperwork Reduction Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">PRD pressure relief device</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">RFA Regulatory Flexibility Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">RTR risk and technology review</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">TCEQ Texas Commission on Environmental Quality</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">UMRA Unfunded Mandates Reform Act</FP> </EXTRACT> <E T="03">Organization of this document.</E> The information in this preamble is organized as follows: <EXTRACT> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">I. General Information</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. What is the source of authority for the reconsideration action?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. Does this action apply to me?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. Where can I get a copy of this document and other related information?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">II. Background</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. Ethylene Production</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. Organic Liquids Distribution (Non-Gasoline)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Manufacturing</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. Petroleum Refineries</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">III. Final Action</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. Pressure Relief Devices and Emergency Flaring</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. Storage Vessel Degassing</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. Other EMACT Standards Technical Corrections and Clarifications</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. Other OLD NESHAP Technical Corrections and Clarifications</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">E. Other MON Technical Corrections and Clarifications</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">F. Other Petroleum Refinery MACT 1 Technical Corrections and Clarifications</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">G. What compliance dates are we finalizing?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">IV. Summary of Cost, Environmental, and Economic Impacts</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. What are the affected facilities?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. What are the air quality impacts?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. What are the cost impacts?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. What are the economic impacts?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">E. What are the benefits?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">F. What analysis of environmental justice did we conduct?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive Order 14094: Modernizing Regulatory Review</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2"> H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use </FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) and 1 CFR Part 51</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations and Executive Order 14096: Revitalizing Our Nation's Commitment to Environmental Justice for All</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">K. Congressional Review Act (CRA)</FP> </EXTRACT> <HD SOURCE="HD1">I. General Information</HD> <HD SOURCE="HD2">A. What is the source of authority for the reconsideration action?</HD> The statutory authority for this action is provided by sections 112 and 307(d)(7)(B) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) (42 U.S.C. 7412 and 7607(d)(7)(B)). <HD SOURCE="HD2">B. Does this action apply to me?</HD> Table 1 of this preamble lists the NESHAP and associated regulated industrial source categories that are the subject of this action. Table 1 is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for readers regarding the entities that this action is likely to affect. The final standards will be directly applicable to the affected sources. Federal, State, local, and Tribal government entities are not affected by this act ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ Preview showing 10k of 238k characters. Full document text is stored and available for version comparison. ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━