DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
<SUBAGY>Federal Energy Regulatory Commission</SUBAGY>
<CFR>18 CFR Part 35</CFR>
<DEPDOC>[Docket No. RM24-6-000]</DEPDOC>
<SUBJECT>Implementation of Dynamic Line Ratings</SUBJECT>
<HD SOURCE="HED">AGENCY:</HD>
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.
<HD SOURCE="HED">ACTION:</HD>
Advance notice of proposed rulemaking.
<SUM>
<HD SOURCE="HED">SUMMARY:</HD>
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Commission) is issuing an advance notice of proposed rulemaking presenting potential reforms to implement dynamic line ratings and, thereby, improve the accuracy of transmission line ratings. These potential reforms would require transmission line ratings to reflect solar heating based on the sun's position and forecastable cloud cover and require transmission line ratings to reflect forecasts of wind conditions on certain transmission lines. The potential reforms would also ensure transparency in the development and implementation of dynamic line ratings and enhance data reporting practices related to congestion in non-regional transmission organization/independent system operator regions to identify candidate transmission lines for the requirement to reflect forecasts of wind conditions. The Commission invites all interested persons to submit comments on the potential reforms and in response to specific questions.
</SUM>
<EFFDATE>
<HD SOURCE="HED">DATES:</HD>
Comments are due October 15, 2024 and Reply Comments are due November 12, 2024.
</EFFDATE>
<HD SOURCE="HED">ADDRESSES:</HD>
Comments, identified by docket number, may be filed in the following ways. Electronic filing through
<E T="03">https://www.ferc.gov,</E>
is preferred.
•
<E T="03">Electronic Filing:</E>
Documents must be filed in acceptable native applications and print-to-PDF, but not in scanned or picture format.
• For those unable to file electronically, comments may be filed by USPS mail or by hand (including courier) delivery.
○
<E T="03">Mail via U.S. Postal Service Only:</E>
Addressed to: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Secretary of the Commission, 888 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20426.
○
<E T="03">Hand (including courier) Delivery:</E>
Deliver to: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 12225 Wilkins Avenue, Rockville, MD 20852.
The Comment Procedures section of this document contains more detailed filing procedures.
<FURINF>
<HD SOURCE="HED">FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:</HD>
<FP SOURCE="FP-1">
Daniel Kheloussi (Technical Information), Office of Energy Policy and Innovation, 888 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20426, (202) 502-6391,
<E T="03">Daniel.Kheloussi@ferc.gov</E>
</FP>
<FP SOURCE="FP-1">
Lisa Sosna (Technical Information), Office of Energy Policy and Innovation, 888 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20426, (202) 502-6597,
<E T="03">Lisa.Sosna@ferc.gov</E>
</FP>
<FP SOURCE="FP-1">
Ryan Stroschein (Legal Information), Office of the General Counsel, 888 First Street NE, Washington, DC 20426, (202) 502-8099,
<E T="03">Ryan.Stroschein@ferc.gov</E>
</FP>
</FURINF>
<SUPLINF>
<HD SOURCE="HED">SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:</HD>
<GPOTABLE COLS="2" OPTS="L0,nj,g1,t1,i1" CDEF="s200,15">
<TTITLE>Table of Contents</TTITLE>
<CHED H="1"> </CHED>
<CHED H="1">Paragraph Nos.</CHED>
<ROW>
<ENT I="01">I. Introduction</ENT>
<ENT>1</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="01">II. Background</ENT>
<ENT>4</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="03">A. Transmission Line Rating Proceedings</ENT>
<ENT>5</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">1. Order No. 881</ENT>
<ENT>5</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">2. Notice of Inquiry</ENT>
<ENT>9</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">3. Comments Supporting DLRs</ENT>
<ENT>10</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="03">B. Transmission Line Ratings Background</ENT>
<ENT>14</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">1. Different Types of Transmission Line Ratings: Based on Thermal, Voltage, and Stability Limits</ENT>
<ENT>15</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">2. Calculating Thermal Ratings</ENT>
<ENT>16</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">3. Variables That Impact Thermal Ratings of Transmission Lines</ENT>
<ENT>18</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">a. Ambient Air Temperature</ENT>
<ENT>19</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">b. Solar Heating</ENT>
<ENT>20</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">c. Wind Speed and Direction</ENT>
<ENT>21</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="03">C. Incorporating Weather Variables Into Thermal Ratings</ENT>
<ENT>22</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">1. Sensors and Their Use in DLRs</ENT>
<ENT>25</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">2. Incorporating Local Weather Forecasts Into DLRs</ENT>
<ENT>33</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">3. Current Use and Benefits of DLRs</ENT>
<ENT>36</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="03">
D.
<E T="03">Pro forma</E>
Transmission Scheduling and Congestion Management Practices
</ENT>
<ENT>37</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">1. How Transmission Service Is Procured</ENT>
<ENT>38</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">
a. Transmission Service Under the
<E T="03">pro forma</E>
b. Congestion Management Under the
<E T="03">pro forma</E>
<ENT I="07">c. Transmission Scheduling and Congestion Management in the RTOs/ISOs</ENT>
<ENT>46</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">2. Existing Data Reporting on Congestion, or Proxies of Congestion</ENT>
<ENT>47</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">a. RTOs/ISOs</ENT>
<ENT>48</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">b. Non-RTO/ISO Regions</ENT>
<ENT>49</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">i. ATC and Constrained Posted-Paths</ENT>
<ENT>50</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">ii. Redispatch Costs</ENT>
<ENT>53</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="01">III. The Potential Need for Reform</ENT>
<ENT>54</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="03">A. Demonstrated DLR Benefits</ENT>
<ENT>55</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">1. U.S. Examples</ENT>
<ENT>56</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">2. International Examples</ENT>
<ENT>63</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="03">B. Consideration of Reforms</ENT>
<ENT>69</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="01">IV. Potential Reforms and Request for Comment</ENT>
<ENT>79</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="03">A. Potential Transmission Line Ratings Reforms and Request for Comment</ENT>
<ENT>79</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">1. Framework for a Potential Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>81</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">2. Potential Solar Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>83</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">a. Reflecting Solar Heating Based on the Sun's Position</ENT>
<ENT>85</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">b. Reflecting Solar Heating Based on Forecastable Cloud Cover</ENT>
<ENT>91</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">3. Potential Wind Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>97</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">a. Components of a Wind Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>99</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">i. Time Horizon and Forecasting Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>101</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">ii. Sensor Requirements</ENT>
<ENT>109</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">b. Proposed Criteria To Identify Transmission Lines Subject to a Wind Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>116</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">i. Number of Transmission Lines Subject to the Wind Requirement Annually</ENT>
<ENT>117</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">ii. Wind Speed Threshold</ENT>
<ENT>120</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">iii. Congestion Threshold</ENT>
<ENT>124</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">(a) RTO/ISO Regions</ENT>
<ENT I="09">(b) Non-RTO/ISO Regions</ENT>
<ENT>130</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">(1) Limiting Element Rate</ENT>
<ENT>130</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">(i) Overview</ENT>
<ENT I="09">(iii) Data To Be Collected and Reported</ENT>
<ENT>135</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">(iv) LER Threshold</ENT>
<ENT I="09">(2) Potential Alternatives for Comment</ENT>
<ENT>138</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">(i) Non-RTO/ISO Congestion Costs</ENT>
<ENT>139</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">c. Self-Exceptions From the Wind Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>142</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">i. Self-Exception Categories</ENT>
<ENT>142</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">ii. Challenges to Self-Exceptions</ENT>
<ENT>151</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">d. Transmission Lines Formerly Subject to the Wind Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>152</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">e. Potential Transparency Reforms and Request for Comment</ENT>
<ENT>153</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">i. Potential Reforms to Congestion Data Collection</ENT>
<ENT>156</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">ii. Posting of Congestion Data</ENT>
<ENT>158</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="09">iii. Posting of Transmission Line Ratings Subject to a Wind Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>160</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">4. Requirements for Reflecting Solar and/or Wind in Transmission Line Ratings in RTOs/ISOs</ENT>
<ENT>162</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">5. Implications for Emergency Ratings</ENT>
<ENT>166</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">6. Confidence Levels</ENT>
<ENT>169</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="03">B. Compliance and Transition and Implementation Timelines</ENT>
<ENT>174</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">
1.
<E T="03">Pro forma</E>
OATT Revisions and Implementation
</ENT>
<ENT>174</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">2. Implementation Timeframe for the Solar Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>176</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="05">3. Phased-In Implementation Timeframe for the Wind Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>177</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">a. Annual Wind Requirement Implementation Cycles</ENT>
<ENT>177</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">b. Transmission Provider Compliance Requirement</ENT>
<ENT>180</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="07">c. Compliance for Transmission Providers That Are Subsidiaries of the Same Public Utility Holding Company</ENT>
<ENT>182</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="01">V. Comment Procedures</ENT>
<ENT>183</ENT>
</ROW>
<ROW>
<ENT I="01">VI. Document Availability</ENT>
<ENT>186</ENT>
</ROW>
</GPOTABLE>
<HD SOURCE="HD1">I. Introduction</HD>
1. In this advance n
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