New Source Performance Standards Review for Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels (Including Petroleum Liquid Storage Vessels)

<RULE> ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY <CFR>40 CFR Part 60</CFR> <DEPDOC>[EPA-HQ-OAR-2023-0358; FRL-10655-02-OAR]</DEPDOC> <RIN>RIN 2060-AV93</RIN> <SUBJECT>New Source Performance Standards Review for Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels (Including Petroleum Liquid Storage Vessels)</SUBJECT> <HD SOURCE="HED">AGENCY:</HD> Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). <HD SOURCE="HED">ACTION:</HD> Final rule. <SUM> <HD SOURCE="HED">SUMMARY:</HD> The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is finalizing amendments to the new source performance standards (NSPS) for Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels (Including Petroleum Liquid Storage Vessels) pursuant to the review required by the Clean Air Act (CAA). The EPA is finalizing revisions to the NSPS that are applicable to volatile organic liquid (VOL) storage vessels that commence construction, reconstruction, or modification after October 4, 2023, under a new NSPS subpart, as well as amendments to an existing subpart. In the new NSPS subpart Kc, the EPA is finalizing requirements to reduce the vapor pressure applicability thresholds and revise the volatile organic compound (VOC) standards to reflect the best system of emission reduction (BSER) for affected storage vessels. In addition, the EPA is finalizing degassing emission controls; clarification of startup, shutdown, and malfunction (SSM) requirements; additional monitoring requirements; and other technical improvements </SUM> <EFFDATE> <HD SOURCE="HED">DATES:</HD> This final rule is effective on October 15, 2024. The incorporation by reference of certain publications listed in the rule is approved by the Director of the Federal Register as of October 15, 2024. </EFFDATE> <HD SOURCE="HED">ADDRESSES:</HD> The EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2023-0358. All documents in the docket are listed on the <E T="03">https://www.regulations.gov</E> website. Although listed, some information is not publicly available, <E T="03">e.g.,</E> Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet and will be publicly available only as portable document format (PDF) versions that can only be accessed on the EPA computers in the docket office reading room. Certain databases and physical items cannot be downloaded from the docket but may be requested by contacting the Public Reading Room at (202) 566-1744. The docket office has up to 10 business days to respond to these requests. With the exception of such material, publicly available docket materials are available electronically in <E T="03">Regulations.gov</E> or on the EPA computers in the Public Reading Room at the EPA Docket Center, WJC West Building, Room Number 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room hours of operation are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Eastern Standard Time (EST), Monday through Friday. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the EPA Docket Center is (202) 566-1742. <FURINF> <HD SOURCE="HED">FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:</HD> Mr. Michael Cantoni III, Sector Policies and Programs Division (E143-01), Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12055, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; telephone number: (919) 541-5593; and email address: <E T="03">cantoni.michael@epa.gov.</E> </FURINF> <SUPLINF> <HD SOURCE="HED">SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:</HD> <E T="03">Preamble acronyms and abbreviations.</E> Throughout this document the use of “we,” “us,” or “our” is intended to refer to the EPA. We use multiple acronyms and terms in this preamble. While this list may not be exhaustive, to ease the reading of this preamble and for reference purposes, the EPA defines the following terms and acronyms here: <EXTRACT> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">AMEL alternative means of emissions limitation</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">API American Petroleum Institute</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">AVO audible, visual, and olfactory</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">BSER best system of emission reduction</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CAA Clean Air Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CBI Confidential Business Information</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CDX Central Data Exchange</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CEDRI Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CFR Code of Federal Regulations</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">EFR external floating roof</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">EIA economic impact analysis</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">EJ environmental justice</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">EPA Environmental Protection Agency</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">FR Federal Register</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">gal gallons</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">HAP hazardous air pollutant(s)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">IBR incorporate by reference</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">ICR information collection request</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">IFR internal floating roof</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">kg/hr kilograms per hour</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">kPa kilopascals</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">LEL lower explosive limit</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">m3 cubic meters</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">MON Miscellaneous Organic Chemical Manufacturing NESHAP</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">MTVP maximum true vapor pressure</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NAICS North American Industry Classification System</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NESHAP national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NSPS new source performance standards</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NTAA National Tribal Air Association</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NTTAA National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">OMB Office of Management and Budget</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">PDF portable document format</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">PRA Paperwork Reduction Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">PRD pressure relief device</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">ppmv parts per million by volume</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">psia pounds per square inch absolute</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">psig pounds per square inch gauge</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">RFA Regulatory Flexibility Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">RIN Regulatory Information Number</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">SSM startup, shutdown, and malfunction</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">STERPP 2000 U.S. EPA Storage Tank Emission Reduction Partnership Program</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">UMRA Unfunded Mandates Reform Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">VCU vapor combustion unit</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">VOC volatile organic compound(s)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">VOL volatile organic liquid</FP> </EXTRACT> <E T="03">Organization of this document.</E> The information in this preamble is organized as follows: <EXTRACT> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">I. General Information</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. Does this action apply to me?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. Where can I get a copy of this document and other related information?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. Judicial Review and Administrative Review</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">II. Background</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. What is the statutory authority for this action?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. How does the EPA perform the NSPS review?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. What is the source category regulated in this final action?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. What outreach and engagement did the EPA conduct?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">III. What changes did we propose for the VOL Storage Vessel NSPS?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">IV. What actions are we finalizing and what is our rationale for such decisions?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. Revised NSPS for VOL Storage Vessels That Commenced Construction, Reconstruction, or Modification After July 23, 1984, and on or Before October 4, 2023</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. Revised NSPS for VOL Storage Vessels That Commenced Construction, Reconstruction, or Modification After October 4, 2023</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. NSPS Subpart Kc Without Startup, Shutdown, and Malfunction Exemptions</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. Testing, Monitoring, and Inspection Requirements</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">E. Recordkeeping and Electronic Reporting</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">F. Other Final Amendments</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">G. Effective Date and Compliance Dates</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">V. Summary of Cost, Environmental, and Economic Impacts</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. What are the air quality impacts?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. What are the cost impacts?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. What are the economic impacts?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. What are the benefits?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">E. What analysis of environmental justice did we conduct?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2"> A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive Order 14094: Modernizing Regulatory Review </FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) and 1 CFR Part 51</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations and Executive Order 14096: Revitalizing Our Nation's Commitment to Environmental Justic ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ Preview showing 10k of 309k characters. Full document text is stored and available for version comparison. ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━