National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: National Perchloroethylene Air Emission Standards for Dry Cleaning Facilities Technology Review

<RULE> ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY <CFR>40 CFR Part 63</CFR> <DEPDOC>[EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0155; FRL-8391-01-OAR]</DEPDOC> <RIN>RIN 2060-AV44</RIN> <SUBJECT>National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants: National Perchloroethylene Air Emission Standards for Dry Cleaning Facilities Technology Review</SUBJECT> <HD SOURCE="HED">AGENCY:</HD> Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). <HD SOURCE="HED">ACTION:</HD> Final determination. <SUM> <HD SOURCE="HED">SUMMARY:</HD> This action finalizes the Clean Air Act (CAA) technology review (TR) conducted for the commercial and industrial dry cleaning facilities using perchloroethylene (PCE) as the cleaning solvent (PCE Dry Cleaning) source categories regulated under National Emission Standards for Hazardous air Pollutants (NESHAP). This final rule does not finalize the changes made at proposal and makes no amendments to the current NESHAP given the recently finalized action under the Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) which has instituted a 10-year phaseout of the use of PCE for dry cleaning. </SUM> <EFFDATE> <HD SOURCE="HED">DATES:</HD> This action is effective on January 7, 2024. </EFFDATE> <HD SOURCE="HED">ADDRESSES:</HD> The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established a docket for this action under Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0155. All documents in the docket are listed on the <E T="03">https://www.regulations.gov/</E> website. Although listed, some information is not publicly available, <E T="03">e.g.,</E> Confidential Business Information or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically through <E T="03">https://www.regulations.gov/,</E> or in hard copy at the EPA Docket Center, WJC West Building, Room Number 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room hours of operation are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Eastern Standard Time (EST), Monday through Friday. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the EPA Docket Center is (202) 566-1742. <FURINF> <HD SOURCE="HED">FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:</HD> For questions about this final action, contact U.S. EPA, Attn: Reginald Goodwin, Mail Drop: D243-04, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12055, RTP, North Carolina 27711; telephone number: (919) 541-5313; and email address: <E T="03">goodwin.reginald@epa.gov.</E> </FURINF> <SUPLINF> <HD SOURCE="HED">SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:</HD> <E T="03">Preamble acronyms and abbreviations.</E> Throughout this notice the use of “we,” “us,” or “our” is intended to refer to the EPA. We use multiple acronyms and terms in this preamble. While this list may not be exhaustive, to ease the reading of this preamble and for reference purposes, the EPA defines the following terms and acronyms here: <EXTRACT> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CAA Clean Air Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">CFR Code of Federal Regulations</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">FR Federal Register</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">GACT generally available control technology</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">HAP hazardous air pollutants(s)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">LDAR leak detection and repair</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">MACT maximum achievable control technology</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NAICS North American Industry Classification System</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">NESHAP National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1"> NTTAA National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act </FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">OCSPP Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">OMB Office of Management and Budget</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">PCE perchloroethylene</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">PRA Paperwork Reduction Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">RFA Regulatory Flexibility Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">tpy tons per year</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">TR technology review</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">TSCA Toxic Substance Control Act</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-1">UMRA Unfunded Mandates Reform Act</FP> </EXTRACT> <E T="03">Background information.</E> On December 27, 2021, the EPA proposed revisions to the National Perchloroethylene Air Emission Standards for Dry Cleaning Facilities NESHAP (hereafter referred to as the PCE Dry Cleaning NESHAP) based on our technology review (TR). In this action, we are finalizing decisions for the rule. We summarize some of the more significant comments we timely received regarding the proposed rule and provide our responses in this preamble. A summary of all other public comments on the proposal and the EPA's responses to those comments is available in the <E T="03">Response to Comments National Perchloroethylene Air Emissions Standards for Dry Cleaning Facilities</E> document, which is available in the Docket for this rulemaking (Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0155). <E T="03">Organization of this document.</E> The information in this preamble is organized as follows: <EXTRACT> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">I. General Information</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. Does this action apply to me?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. Where can I get a copy of this document and other related information?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. Judicial Review and Administrative Reconsideration</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">II. Background</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. What is the statutory authority for this action?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. What are the PCE Dry Cleaning source categories and how does the NESHAP regulate HAP emissions from these source categories?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. What changes did we propose for the PCE Dry Cleaning NESHAP in our December 27, 2021, proposal?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">III. What is included in this final rule?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. What are the final rule amendments based on the technology review for the PCE Dry Cleaning NESHAP?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">IV. What is the rationale for our final decisions and amendments for the PCE Dry Cleaning NESHAP?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. Technology Review for the PCE Dry Cleaning NESHAP</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">V. Summary of Cost, Environmental, and Economic Impacts and Additional Analyses Conducted</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. What are the affected facilities?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. What are the air quality, cost, economic impacts, and benefits?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. What analysis of environmental justice did we conduct?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. What analysis of children's environmental health did we conduct?</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP-2">VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">A. Executive Orders 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review, Executive Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review, and Executive Order 14094: Modernizing Regulatory Review</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">B. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA)</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations</FP> <FP SOURCE="FP1-2">K. Congressional Review Act (CRA)</FP> </EXTRACT> <HD SOURCE="HD1">I. General Information</HD> <HD SOURCE="HD2">A. Does this action apply to me?</HD> <E T="03">Regulated entities.</E> Categories and entities potentially regulated by this action are shown in table 1 of this preamble. <GPOTABLE COLS="2" OPTS="L2,i1" CDEF="s25,22"> <TTITLE>Table 1—NESHAP and Industrial Source Categories Affected by This Final Rule</TTITLE> <CHED H="1">Source Category and NESHAP</CHED>  North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). </TNOTE> </GPOTABLE> This list of categories and NAICS codes is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for readers regarding the entities likely to be affected by the final action for the source categories listed. To determine whether your facility is affected, you should examine the applicability criteria in the appropriate NESHAP. If you have any questions regarding the applicability of any aspect of this NESHAP, please contact the person listed in the preceding <E T="02">FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT</E> section of this preamble. <HD SOURCE="HD2">B. Where can I get a copy of this document and other related information?</HD> In addition to being available in the docket, an electronic copy of this final action will also be available on the internet. Following signature by the EPA Administrator, the EPA will post a copy of this final action at: <E T="03">https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/dry-cleaning-facilities-national-perchloroethylene-air-emission.</E> Following publication in the <E T="04">Federal Register,</E> the EPA will post the <E T="04">Federal Register</E> version and key technical documents at this same website. Additional information is available on the RTR website at <E T="03">https://www.epa.gov/stationary-sources-air-pollution/risk-and-technology-review-national-emissions-standards-hazardous.</E> This information includes an overview of the RTR program and links to project websites for the RTR source categories. <HD SOURCE="HD2">C. Judicial Review and Administr ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ Preview showing 10k of 50k characters. Full document text is stored and available for version comparison. ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━